One year follow-up of a randomized trial with a dilemma-focused intervention for depression: Exploring an alternative to problem-oriented strategies

© 2018 Feixas et al.Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is aimed to counteract cognitions and behaviours that are considered as dysfunctional. The aim of the study is to test whether the inclusion of a non-counteractive approach (dilemma-focused intervention, DFI) in combination with CBT group therapy will yield better short- and long-term outcomes than an intervention conducted entirely using CBT.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Evolution of the critical oxygen tension

Chang, A.; Compañ Moreno, V.; Weissman, BA. (2018). Evolution of the critical oxygen tension. Contact Lens Spectrum. 33(3):36-39. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/121358S363933

Corneal relaxation time estimation as a function of tear oxygen tension in human cornea during contact lens wear

[EN] The purpose is to estimate the oxygen diffusion coefficient and the relaxation time of the cornea with respect to the oxygen tension at the cornea-tears interface. Both findings are discussed. From the experimental data provided by Bonanno et al., the oxygen tension measurements in vivo for human cornea-tears-contact lens (CL), the relaxation time of the cornea, and their oxygen diffusion coefficient were obtained by numerical calculation using the Monod-kinetic model. Our results, considering the relaxation time of the cornea, observe a different behavior. At the time less than 8 s, the oxygen diffusivity process is upper-diffusive, and for the relaxation time greater than 8 s, the oxygen diffusivity process is lower-diffusive. Both cases depend on the partial pressure of oxygen at the entrance of the cornea. The oxygen tension distribution in the cornea-tears interface is separated into two different zones: one for conventional hydrogels, which is located between 6 and 75 mmHg, with a relaxation time included between 8 and 19 s, and the other zone for silicone hydrogel CLs, which is located at high oxygen tension, between 95 and 140 mmHg, with a relaxation time in the interval of 1.5-8 s. It is found that in each zone, the diffusion coefficient varies linearly with the oxygen concentration, presenting a discontinuity in the transition of 8 s. This could be interpreted as an aerobic-to-anaerobic transition. We attribute this behavior to the coupling formalism between oxygen diffusion and biochemical reactions to produce adenosine triphosphate.Contract grant sponsor: Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; contract grant number: UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT projects IG 100618 and IN-114818 Contract grant sponsor: Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación; contract grant number: ENE/2015-69203-RDel Castillo, LF.; Ramírez-Calderón, JG.; Del Castillo, RM.; Aguilella-Arzo, M.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2020). Corneal relaxation time estimation as a function of tear oxygen tension in human cornea during contact lens wear. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials. 108(1):14-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.34360S14211081Freeman, R. D. (1972). Oxygen consumption by the component layers of the cornea. The Journal of Physiology, 225(1), 15-32. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp009927CHALMERS, R. L., McNALLY, J. J., SCHEIN, O. D., KATZ, J., TIELSCH, J. M., ALFONSO, E., … SHOVLIN, J. (2007). Risk Factors for Corneal Infiltrates with Continuous Wear of Contact Lenses. Optometry and Vision Science, 84(7), 573-579. doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e3180dc9a12Schein, O. D., McNally, J. J., Katz, J., Chalmers, R. L., Tielsch, J. M., Alfonso, E., … Shovlin, J. (2005). The Incidence of Microbial Keratitis among Wearers of a 30-Day Silicone Hydrogel Extended-Wear Contact Lens. Ophthalmology, 112(12), 2172-2179. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.09.014Sweeney, D. F. (2003). Clinical Signs of Hypoxia with High-Dk Soft Lens Extended Wear: Is the Cornea Convinced? Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice, S22-S25. doi:10.1097/00140068-200301001-00007HARVITT, D. M., & BONANNO, J. A. (1999). Re-Evaluation of the Oxygen Diffusion Model for Predicting Minimum Contact Lens Dk/t Values Needed to Avoid Corneal Anoxia. Optometry and Vision Science, 76(10), 712-719. doi:10.1097/00006324-199910000-00023Polse, K. A., & Mandell, R. B. (1970). Critical Oxygen Tension at the Corneal Surface. Archives of Ophthalmology, 84(4), 505-508. doi:10.1001/archopht.1970.00990040507021Giasson, C., & Bonanno, J. A. (1995). Acidification of rabbit corneal endothelium during contact lens wearin vitro. Current Eye Research, 14(4), 311-318. doi:10.3109/02713689509033531Riley, M. V. (1969). Glucose and oxygen utilization by the rabbit cornea. Experimental Eye Research, 8(2), 193-200. doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(69)80031-xFrahm, B., Lane, P., M�rkl, H., & P�rtner, R. (2003). Improvement of a mammalian cell culture process by adaptive, model-based dialysis fed-batch cultivation and suppression of apoptosis. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 26(1), 1-10. doi:10.1007/s00449-003-0335-zCompañ, V., Aguilella-Arzo, M., Del Castillo, L. F., Hernández, S. I., & Gonzalez-Meijome, J. M. (2016). Analysis of the application of the generalized monod kinetics model to describe the human corneal oxygen-consumption rate during soft contact lens wear. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, 105(8), 2269-2281. doi:10.1002/jbm.b.33764Bonanno, J. A., Clark, C., Pruitt, J., & Alvord, L. (2009). Tear Oxygen Under Hydrogel and Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses in Humans. Optometry and Vision Science, 86(8), E936-E942. doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e3181b2f582Chhabra, M., Prausnitz, J. M., & Radke, C. J. (2008). Diffusion and Monod kinetics to determine in vivo human corneal oxygen-consumption rate during soft contact-lens wear. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, 90B(1), 202-209. doi:10.1002/jbm.b.31274Chhabra, M., Prausnitz, J. M., & Radke, C. J. (2009). Modeling Corneal Metabolism and Oxygen Transport During Contact Lens Wear. Optometry and Vision Science, 86(5), 454-466. doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e31819f9e70Larrea, X., & Bu¨chler, P. (2009). A Transient Diffusion Model of the Cornea for the Assessment of Oxygen Diffusivity and Consumption. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science, 50(3), 1076. doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2479Alvord, L. A., Hall, W. J., Keyes, L. D., Morgan, C. F., & Winterton, L. C. (2007). Corneal Oxygen Distribution With Contact Lens Wear. Cornea, 26(6), 654-664. doi:10.1097/ico.0b013e31804f5a22Del Castillo, L. F., da Silva, A. R. F., Hernández, S. I., Aguilella, M., Andrio, A., Mollá, S., & Compañ, V. (2015). Diffusion and Monod kinetics model to determine in vivo human corneal oxygen-consumption rate during soft contact lens wear. Journal of Optometry, 8(1), 12-18. doi:10.1016/j.optom.2014.06.002Chandel, N. S., Budinger, G. R. S., Choe, S. H., & Schumacker, P. T. (1997). Cellular Respiration during Hypoxia. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272(30), 18808-18816. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.30.18808Leung, B. K., Bonanno, J. A., & Radke, C. J. (2011). Oxygen-deficient metabolism and corneal edema. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, 30(6), 471-492. doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2011.07.001Chhabra, M., Prausnitz, J. M., & Radke, C. J. (2008). Polarographic Method for Measuring Oxygen Diffusivity and Solubility in Water-Saturated Polymer Films:  Application to Hypertransmissible Soft Contact Lenses. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 47(10), 3540-3550. doi:10.1021/ie071071aCompañ, V., Andrio, A., López-Alemany, A., Riande, E., & Refojo, M. F. (2002). Oxygen permeability of hydrogel contact lenses with organosilicon moieties. Biomaterials, 23(13), 2767-2772. doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00012-1Gonzalez-Meijome, J. M., Compañ-Moreno, V., & Riande, E. (2008). Determination of Oxygen Permeability in Soft Contact Lenses Using a Polarographic Method:  Estimation of Relevant Physiological Parameters. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 47(10), 3619-3629. doi:10.1021/ie071403bCompa�, V., L�pez, M. L., Andrio, A., L�pez-Alemany, A., & Refojo, M. F. (1999). Determination of the oxygen transmissibility and permeability of hydrogel contact lenses. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 72(3), 321-327. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990418)72:33.0.co;2-lGavara, R., & Compañ, V. (2016). Oxygen, water, and sodium chloride transport in soft contact lenses materials. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, 105(8), 2218-2231. doi:10.1002/jbm.b.33762Compañ, V., Tiemblo, P., García, F., García, J. M., Guzmán, J., & Riande, E. (2005). A potentiostatic study of oxygen transport through poly(2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate-co-2,3-dihydroxypropylmethacrylate) hydrogel membranes. Biomaterials, 26(18), 3783-3791. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.09.061Wang, J., Fonn, D., Simpson, T. L., & Jones, L. (2003). Precorneal and Pre- and Postlens Tear Film Thickness Measured Indirectly with Optical Coherence Tomography. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science, 44(6), 2524. doi:10.1167/iovs.02-0731Nichols, J. J., & King-Smith, P. E. (2003). Thickness of the Pre- and Post–Contact Lens Tear Film Measured In Vivo by Interferometry. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science, 44(1), 68. doi:10.1167/iovs.02-0377Compañ, V., Aguilella-Arzo, M., Edrington, T. B., & Weissman, B. A. (2016). Modeling Corneal Oxygen with Scleral Gas Permeable Lens Wear. Optometry and Vision Science, 93(11), 1339-1348. doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000988Compañ, V., Aguilella-Arzo, M., & Weissman, B. A. (2017). Corneal Equilibrium Flux as a Function of Corneal Surface Oxygen Tension. Optometry and Vision Science, 94(6), 672-679. doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000001083Papas, E. B., & Sweeney, D. F. (2016). Interpreting the corneal response to oxygen: Is there a basis for re-evaluating data from gas-goggle studies? Experimental Eye Research, 151, 222-226. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2016.08.019Alentiev, A. Y., Shantarovich, V. P., Merkel, T. C., Bondar, V. I., Freeman, B. D., & Yampolskii, Y. P. (2002). 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Depression and identity : Are self-constructions negative or conflictual?

Negative self-views have proved to be a consistent marker of vulnerability for depression. However, recent research has shown that a particular kind of cognitive conflict, implicative dilemma, is highly prevalent in depression. In this study, the relevance of these conflicts is assessed as compared to the cognitive model of depression of a negative view of the self. In so doing, 161 patients with major depression and 110 controls were assessed to explore negative self-construing (self-ideal discrepancy) and conflicts (implicative dilemmas), as well as severity of symptoms. Results showed specificity for the clinical group indicating a pattern of mixed positive and negative self-descriptions with a high rate of conflict. Regression analysis lent support to the conflict hypothesis in relation to clinically relevant indicators such as symptom severity, global functioning. However, self-ideal discrepancy was a stronger predictor of group membership. The findings showed the relevance of cognitive conflicts to compliment the well-consolidated theory of negative self-views. Clinical implications for designing interventions are discussed.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Structural and dielectric properties of Cobaltacarborane Composite Polybenzimidazole Membranes as solid polymer electrolytes at high temperature

[EN] The conductivity of a series of composite membranes, based on polybenzimidazole (PBI) containing the metallacarborane salt M[Co(C2B9H11)(2)], M[COSANE] and tetraphenylborate, M[B(C6H5)(4)], M[TPB] both anions having the same number of atoms and the same negative charge, has been investigated. Different cations (M = H+, Li+ and Na+) have been studied and the composite membranes have been characterized by water uptake, swelling ratios, ATR FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to explore the dielectric response and ion dynamics in composite membranes. Our results show that conductivity increases with increasing temperature and it is higher for H+ than for Li+ and Na+ for all temperatures under study. The mobility of Li+ is greater in [COSANE](-) than in [TPB](-) composite PBI@membranes while for Na+ it is the opposite. The temperature dependence of the conductivity of the composite was followed by a typical Arrhenius behaviour with two different regions: (1) between 20 and 100 degrees C, and (2) between 100 and 150 degrees C. Using the analysis of electrode polarization (EP) based on the Thrukhan theory we have calculated the ionic diffusion coefficients and the density of carriers. From the double logarithmic plot of the imaginary part of the conductivity (sigma '') versus frequency in the entire range of temperatures studied we have determined for each sample at each temperature, the frequency values of the onset (f(ON)) and full development of electrode polarization (f(MAX)), respectively, which permit us to calculate static permittivity.We gratefully acknowledge Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) for financial support by the ENE/2015-69203-R project and CTQ2016-75150-R project, and Generalitat de Catalunya (2014/SGR/149). I. Fuentes is enrolled in the PhD program of the UAB. The authors acknowledge Dr Oscar Sahuquillo for technical assistance in TGA.Fuentes, I.; Andrio Balado, A.; Garcia Bernabe, A.; Escorihuela Fuentes, J.; Viñas, C.; Teixidor, F.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2018). Structural and dielectric properties of Cobaltacarborane Composite Polybenzimidazole Membranes as solid polymer electrolytes at high temperature. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 20(15):10173-10185. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cp00372fS10173101852015I. E. A. Statistics, IEA, Paris, France, 2016Li, W., Dahn, J. R., & Wainwright, D. S. (1994). Rechargeable Lithium Batteries with Aqueous Electrolytes. Science, 264(5162), 1115-1118. doi:10.1126/science.264.5162.1115Lee, H., Yanilmaz, M., Toprakci, O., Fu, K., & Zhang, X. (2014). A review of recent developments in membrane separators for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Energy Environ. Sci., 7(12), 3857-3886. doi:10.1039/c4ee01432dAnothumakkool, B., Torris A. 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Cédula 17560411Copia fechada en Cadiz, 24 de abril de 175

Effect of metallacarborane salt H[COSANE] doping on the performance properties of polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature PEMFCs

[EN] In this paper, a series of composite proton exchange membranes comprising a cobaltacarborane protonated H[Co(C2B9H11)(2)] named (H[COSANE]) and polybenzimidazole (PBI) for a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is reported, with the aim of enhancing the proton conductivity of PBI membranes doped with phosphoric acid. The effects of the anion [Co(C2B9H11)(2)] concentration in three different polymeric matrices based on the PBI structure, poly(2,2 '-(m-phenylene)-5,5 '-bibenzimidazole) (PBI-1), poly[2,2 '-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5 '-bibenzimidazole] (PBI-2) and poly(2,2 '-(p-hexafluoroisopropylidene)-5,5 '-bibenzimidazole) (PBI-3), have been investigated. The conductivity, diffusivity and mobility are greater in the composite membrane poly(2,2 '-(p-hexafluoroisopropylidene)-5,5 '-bibenzimidazole) containing fluorinated groups, reaching a maximum when the amount of H[COSANE] was 15%. In general, all the prepared membranes displayed excellent and tunable properties as conducting materials, with conductivities higher than 0.03 S cm(-1)above 140 degrees C. From an analysis of electrode polarization (EP) the proton diffusion coefficients and mobility have been calculated.This work was financially supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) under project ENE/2015-69203-R and by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) for the postdoctoral grant to J. O. The technical support of Servei de Microscpia Electrnica at Universitat Politecnica de Valencia and Servei Central d'Instrumentacio Cientifica at Universitat Jaume I is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thanks Prof. Santiago V. Luis (from Universitat Jaume I) and Dr Isabel Fuentes, Prof. Francesc Teixidor and Prof. Clara Vinas (from Instituto de Materiales de Barcelona, CSIC), for supplying the H[COSANE] compound.Olvera-Mancilla, J.; Escorihuela, J.; Alexandrova, L.; Andrio, A.; Garcia-Bernabe, A.; Del Castillo, LF.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2020). Effect of metallacarborane salt H[COSANE] doping on the performance properties of polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature PEMFCs. Soft Matter. 16(32):7624-7635. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0sm00743aS762476351632https://earthsky.org/earth/atmospheric-co2-record-high-may-2019Steele, B. C. H., & Heinzel, A. (2001). Materials for fuel-cell technologies. Nature, 414(6861), 345-352. doi:10.1038/35104620CLEGHORN, S. (1997). Pem fuel cells for transportation and stationary power generation applications. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 22(12), 1137-1144. doi:10.1016/s0360-3199(97)00016-5Wang, Y., Chen, K. S., Mishler, J., Cho, S. C., & Adroher, X. C. (2011). 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Oxygen and ionic transport in hydrogel and silicone-hydrogel contact lens materials : an experimental and theoretical study

The transport of oxygen, water and naked ions of Na+ and Cl− across two kind of hydrogels materials, made of a conventional hydrogel (Hy) based on hydroxyethyl methacrylate (pHEMA) and a silicone hydrogel (Si-Hy) material containing siloxane moieties, was compared between Molecular Dynamics Simulations (MDS) and experimental measurements. Computer-assisted simulations were carried out for wet hydrogels at 310 K and equilibrium water uptake in the range from 10% to 40%. Our results show that in Si-Hy materials the aqueous hydrogel and hydrophobic siloxane phases are separated suggesting a co-continuous structure, and oxygen moves predominantly through the free volume of the hydrophobic siloxane phase. The values of diffusion coefficient of O2, water and Na+ and Cl− ions in Si-Hy was about one order of magnitude higher than in conventional hydrogels when the water content was above 25 wt% up to a critical value of 35 wt% where a percolation phenomenon is observed. The value of the oxygen diffusion coefficient obtained by simulations are roughly similar to that experimentally found using potentiostatic techniques. Values found experimentally for Na+ diffusion coefficients are between three or five times lower than MDS. For Si-Hy materials with 36 wt% of water the Na+ permeability, diffusion coefficient and salt partition coefficient (km=P/D) are 6.7±0.2×10−7 cm2/s, 1.8±0.5×10−6 cm2/s and 0.42±0.13, respectively. For Hy materials of 38.6 wt% the values found were 18.4±1.2×10−7 cm2/s, 5.4±1.0×10−6 cm2/s and 0.34±0.09, respectively. The coordination number between the fixed groups (3SiO3) and water in HEMA and the particles (O2, Cl− and Na+) is slightly larger than unity. The present study might be applied in the modeling of the gas transport in hydrogels as well as in novel polymeric structures for novel polymeric structures for new biomedical and technological applications with the aim of predicting and tuning their physiological behavior.This work was supported by the project MAT2010-17091 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation

Free ion diffusivity and charge concentration on cross-linked Polymeric Ionic Liquid iongels films based on sulfonated zwitterion salts and Lithium ions

[EN] The properties of various mixtures of a zwitterionic ionic liquid (ZIs-1) and LiNTf 2, including their conductivity, have been studied showing how they can be adjusted through their molar composition. Conductivity tends to increase with the LiNTf2 content although it presents a minimum at the region close to the eutectic point. These mixtures also provide excellent features as liquid phases for the preparation of composite materials based on crosslinked PILs. The prepared films display excellent and tuneable properties as conducting materials, with conductivities that can be higher than 10 2 S cm 1 above 100 1C. The selected polymeric compositions show very good mechanical properties and thermal stability, even for low crosslinking degrees, along with a suitable flexibility and good transparency. The final properties of the films correlate with the composition of the monomeric mixture used and with that of the ZIs-1:LiNTf2 mixture.Financial support has been provided by MINECO (ENE/2015-69203-R and RTI2018-098233-B-C22) and Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2016/071). Technical support from the SECIC of the UJI is also acknowledged. DV thanks UNED (Costa Rica) for a predoctoral fellowship.Valverde, D.; Garcia Bernabe, A.; Andrio Balado, A.; Garcia-Verdugo, E.; Luis Lafuente, S.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2019). Free ion diffusivity and charge concentration on cross-linked Polymeric Ionic Liquid iongels films based on sulfonated zwitterion salts and Lithium ions. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 21(32):17923-17932. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp01903kS17923179322132Etacheri, V., Marom, R., Elazari, R., Salitra, G., & Aurbach, D. (2011). Challenges in the development of advanced Li-ion batteries: a review. 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